Metal-free catalysts aid sustainable processes

The project, called FREECATS, is hoped to make the production of chemicals and commodities greener.

Nine European research institutions are working on the project, coordinated by the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU). 

Catalysis is one of the major consumers of precious metals, such as platinum. It affect the speed of chemical reactions and is frequently used in the process industries.

Platinum group metals are not generally found in Europe and so metal-free catalysts that are based on carbon are an attractive option. 

Prof Magnus Rønning from the Catalysis group at the university’s Department of Chemical Engineering is leading the project.

“Catalysts often contribute to parallel chemical reactions that may compete with the main reaction,” he said.

“Metal-free catalysts have a higher selectivity; they are more reliable in performing the reactions we want. This reduces the risk of reactions creating unwanted waste products that may be harmful to the environment.”

FREECATS has chosen to focus on three applications where metal-free catalysts can replace metal-based catalysts: fuel cell technology, the production of light olefins, and water purification. 

The project started in April and will last for three years.