Wireless war builds

Imagine a world where all electrical and electronic devices are connected together using a wireless link. It’s called the Internet of Everything and we’re heading towards it like wheel-shaped cheese rolling down a hill.

Consumer devices and industrial automation systems alike have become so dependent on wireless, that if it failed, the consequences could be ruinous. In 2014, the installed base of active wireless devices is expected to exceed 16 billion, according to the latest market study by ABI Research.

Current events and regulations in the world of industrial wireless will determine the success or failure of many companies in the near future

Jonathan Wilkins

With such a wide spread, it’s easy to see why industry would want to make the most of wireless technology. The theoretical benefits of wireless, including increased flexibility, reduced cabling and minimal maintenance cost only become reality if the entire system is completely reliable. There are at least three fields of application for industrial wireless communication.

The first one is cross-plant wireless communication and refers to accessing information in parts of the plants that are located at a significant geographic distance or in inconvenient locations. The second type of application involves the wireless monitoring of sensors within a plant.

The standard networking technology is Wireless HART, which allows communication between field devices - like pressure sensors, for example - and the control system.

The most common application is plant-wide field wireless, which refers to the communication between the control system and peripherals.

The supporting architecture is called Industrial Wireless LAN (IW) and has a long history of successful implementation across industries, including in the case of critical or continuous applications.

Regardless of whether we’re talking about oil and gas, food and beverage, pharmaceutical, automotive, aerospace, plastics and packaging, renewable energy or any other industry sector, wireless plays a huge role on a company’s smooth operation and success.

This means regulations that refer to industrial wireless are crucial for how the technology is used and how much of a competitive advantage it offers companies.

Industrial wireless regulations are different around the world and whenever they are changed or updated, there is a lot at stake. Unfortunately, setting new regulations into place is often a process that happens behind closed doors, without consulting industry players.

One recent example is the new industrial wireless European standard EN300328 V1.8.1, which threatens to make essential plant control sensors useless. The suggestion comes from the European Telecommunications Standard Institute (ETSI) and introduces the “listen before talk” (LBT) protocol as a solution for preserving bandwidth in industrial environments.

LBT means radio devices have to first check if any other device is transmitting and need to wait for a clear signal before communicating. LBT could easily become a problem, particularly in critical applications. For example, if a wireless pressure transmitter located on top of a tank needs to communicate the pressure is too high, any delay in raising the alarm could cause tricky and even dangerous situations.

On a larger scale, LBT could also lead to major industrial wireless failures and make European companies less competitive on the international stage. The EN standard is meant to be implemented starting January 1, 2015, but several trade bodies and industry players are strongly campaigning against it.

In the UK, companies that provide industrial wireless equipment or strongly rely on it are asked to contact GAMBICA, the trade body for the instrumentation, control, automation and laboratory technology industry.

One of the core arguments of the lobbying groups is that although radio interference could become a problem for consumer electronics used in public areas, it is a less prickly issue in the field of industrial automation. Here, coexistence management can be implemented to avoid interference.

The tactic involves identifying all radio applications within an industrial environment and minimising existing radio influences between potential sources of interference. This can be achieved through various methods, including changing operating frequencies or adjusting transmission power.

In light of significant industry efforts over the last few months, the European Commission has agreed that industrial wireless rules need extra consideration and will organise a workshop this month to debate the issue further.

Industrial wireless has the potential for enormous growth. It is central for machine-tomachine communication and turning pioneering concepts like the Internet of Everything into reality.

However, any equipment is useless without a sustainable and efficient communication system. This is why current events and regulations in the world of industrial wireless will determine the success or failure of many companies in the near future.

• Jonathan Wilkins is the marketing director of technology repair and refurbishment specialist European Automation.